九年级英语总复习 近义词区别及练习 ( II )
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Book Two
1.big large great huge old
大的(物体) 巨大,宽宏大量 伟大 庞大(指体积) 年龄大
形容人时,指个子大
eg:(1)这个盒子大:This box is .(2)中国人口众多:There is a population in China.
(3)中国是个伟大的国家:China is a country.(4)我比他年龄大:I am than he.
注意:大风 strong wind 大雨 heavy rain 大浪 high wave, huge wave
大雪 heavy snow, (The snow is thick .)
2.little young small tiny
小得可爱(指动物小孩) 年龄小 物体小;形容人时,指个子小 微小,小得可爱
eg:(1)这只小狗:This dog.(2)这个盒子小:This box is .
(3)她年纪小,不能照顾自己:She is , she can't look after herself.
3.other another the other
加复数 多个中另一个 常用one…the other… (一个…另一个…)
others (=other +名词) the others (=the other+名词)
some …others… (一些 … 另外一些…) some …the others… (一些…另外所有 … )
any other +单数=other+复数=others
eg:(1)These apples are not enough, please give me ______ .(也可说:another one , another apple)
(2)我们应该帮助别人:We should help ______.(也可说:We should help_____ people .)
(3)There are two girls . _____is Lucy, ________ is Lucy .
(4)There are a lot of people ,______ are singing,_____are dancing.
(5)Tommy is taller than ____________student in his class.
=Tommy is taller than ____________students in his class.
=Tommy is taller than ____________ in his class.
4. a second the second
无论是a second (third , fouth… )都译成:再一个 第二
eg: (1)第二个苹果是最好吃的 ____ second apple is the most delicious .
(2)(已知吃了一个),你还想再来一个吗?Would you like ____second one?
= Would you like another one?
(3)第三个苹果是最好吃的 ____ third apple is the most delicious .
(4)(已知吃了两个),你还想再来一个吗?Would you like ____third one?
5.what time when while how long how ofen how soon
几点 什么时候 正当,一边…一边… 多久 多久一次 多快(将来)
eg:(1)_______ do you get up every evening? (2)______were you born?
(3)He is reading _____he is walking.(4)______have you lived in China?
(5)______do you play baseball every week? (6)___ will you come back?
6.also too either as well(同时,也,并且)
放句中 放句末,前有逗号 否定,放句末,前有逗号 放句末,前无逗号
me,too(我也如此)
eg:(1)He is _____14. (2)He is 14,____ . (3)Nice to meet you,_____ .
(4) She is not in Grade 1, I'm not in Grade1,______.
(5)他把书给了我,然后把钢笔也给了我:He gave me the book,and he gave me the pen ____.
(同样可说: He gave me the book,and he gave me the pen,______ .)
7.always 总是 (反义词:从不never) all the time始终(反义词:中断暂停,不坚持)
放句中 放句末
eg: (1)My father ____ goes to work early.(2)He is working in the factory __________.
8. be good for +sth(某事物) be good to+sb(某人) be good at +(doing) sth
对某物有好处 对某人有好处 = do well in某人善于…
be good to do做...有好处
be good for sb to do sth (做…对于某人是好的) be good with =be kind((nice) to 对待某人好
feel good about oneself 某人(自尊)自我感觉好 feel good about ((doing) sth 做...感觉好
eg:(1)牛奶对于健康有好处:Milk is good ____ your health.
(2)牛奶对于你有好处:Milk is good ____ you .
(3)喝牛奶对于你有好处:It's good ____ you ____drink milk .
(4)班主任对同学们好:Headteacher is good _______the students.
(5) 帮助别人我感到很好 I feel good____ ______ others .
(6)妈妈帮助Jimmy找回自尊 Mom hept Jimmy feel good ______ _________.
9.ago before
用于过去时 用于完成时
放在一段时间的后面 放在几点钟前
放在一段时间的后面
后接句子
than before 比起以前
eg:(1)十分钟前我在家里:I was at home ten minutes _______ .
(2)我们达到车站火车已在10分钟前开走了:When we got to the station,the train had left 10 minutes________.
(3)我以前从未到过北京:I have never been to Beijing ________ .
(4)请在8点前参加聚会: Please come to the party ____8:00 .
10.too much much too too many many too
太多…(不可数) 太…(加形容词) 太多…(可数) 错误用法
(1) There is _____water . (2) The box is _____ heavy .(3)There are _____books.
11.be(is , am , are) going to =be doing will shall 第一人称,法律文件中
有计划(时间地点较为明确) 某人主观想法,意愿,认为 Shall we…?表示(…好吗?)
eg:(1)我们将在星期六野餐:We ________ have a picnic on Friday.
=We ________ having a picnic on Friday (2)他相信他会成功:He believes he ___ succeed .
(3)我们去公园好吗? we go to the park?
(4)甲方须事先通知乙方: Party A _____inform Party B in advance .
12. below 低于 under 在…正下方
(不一定指物体,常指温度,海平面,文章 ;反义:above)
eg:(1)降为零度以下:fall ____zero . (2)树下有辆汽车:There is a car ___the tree .
注意:在…帮助下用with :在人造卫星的帮助下: the help of satellites .
在山脚,墙脚,书页底端 at the foot of ( the hill , the wall, the page)
(3)死海海拔-392米:The Dead Sea is 392 ________ sea level .
(4) 下面所给的资料 the information _______ (5) 唇在鼻下方Your mouth is under your nose
13.on over above
在…(表面)上(有接触) 笼罩,越过 在… 以上 , 表面不接触
(不一定指物体,常指温度,海平面,文章,…)
eg:(1)桌上有本书:There is a book __ the desk. (2)零度以上:stay ___ zero
(3)河上有条船:There is a boat____the river .(4)河上有座桥 :There is a bridge_____the river .
(5)多年来,几年来 _____ the years(6)眼睛上有眼镜:There is a pair of glasses the eyes.
(7) 眼在鼻上方Your eyes is ______ your nose (8) 上面所说的文章 the article _________
(9)我把右手高举过头 :I raise my right hand ____my head.
(10)飞机在云层上飞:The plane flew ___the clouds.
(11)珠穆朗玛海拔8844. 43米:Qomolangma is 8844. 43m ______sea level.
14.quick(形容词,副词 ) quickly (副词)
比较级er,最高级est 比较级more,最高级most
放动词后 放动词前后均可
eg: (1) We should go there ____. (2)We should_____go there.
15.maybe 也许,大概(放句首,=perhaps) may be 可能是(放句中)
eg:(1) _________he is at home .(2)He _________ at home .
16. afraid 害怕的程度一般 frightened某人感到恐惧,受惊吓 terrified 某人感到极恐惧
be afaid to do=be afraid of (doing) sth
也常用于I'm afraid( 表不太确定)
17. What's today ? (今天是什么日子?) It's 星期 +日期 What day it it today? It's 星期
What's the date today ? It's 月+日
18.must 必须(主观想法) have to 不得不(客观条件决定,显得不太耐烦)
否定mustn't (千万别,一定不要) 否定don't have to
提问:Must……? 提问:Do… have to…?
Yes, you must. / No, you needn't . Yes ,I do. / No, I donn't .
eg:(1)我们必须保持教室干净:We_____keep the classrom clean.
(2)天气不好,我们不得不下星期去公园:The weather is not fine,we_____go to the park next week.
(3)我们必须去那儿吗? we go there?
是的,你们必须:Yes,you ______. 不,你们不必:No,you_______.(不是mustn't)
(4)你们不得不完成家庭作业吗?: you ____ finish your homework?
19. may must can could(更客气)
记熟几句话:(1)____ I come in? Yes, you ___. / No. you ____ (can't).(may not×)
(2)____ I help you? (3)_____ you help me,please?
20.may be(=might be,could be) can't be must be
(不确定猜测 )可能是 肯定不是 肯定是
eg:(1)他可能是在家:He_______at home .
(2) (灯是亮的),他肯定在家:(The lights are all full on ),he_____at home .
(3)(他去北京了),他肯定不在家:(He has gone to Beijing),he _______at home.
21.all whole
常用all+the+复数 (all of+代词) the whole +单数
eg:(1)全体学生都起来得早:____ the students get up early.
(也可说: them get up early.)
(2)请把这个故事完全告诉我:Please tell me the ________ story .
同类结构half: _______ an hour半小时
全班一半同学没来 ______ the class won't come
two hours and a half=two and a half hours两个半小时
I slept half way through it 我半睡半醒(听,看,做)完了...
22.in tne end = at last 最后,终于 at the end of在…末尾
by the end of在…末尾之前(过去完成时)
eg:(1)We got there __________ . (2)We sit _____________ the classroom.
(3) We ____ learned about 3,000 English words ____ the end of lat semester.
23.arrive reach get
arrive in+大地方; arrive at+小地方 直接加地点 get+to+地点
arrive late for school(class)
=be late for school(class)
=get to school(class) late
24. borrow (from) 借进,向…借 lend (to)借出,把…借给
eg:(1)我能借用你的尺子吗?May I ________your ruler? May I_______a ruler from you?
(2)请借给我一把尺子 : Please _______ me your ruler. (Please _____ a ruler to me .)
25. sth + interesting 某物本身是有趣的 sb+be+ interested+in某人对某事(物)感兴趣
=take interest in
eg:(1)这本书有趣:This book is _____. (2)我对这本书感兴趣: I'm _______ in this book.
26. exciting 某物本身是激动人心的 sb+be+ excitied+with某人对某事(物)感到激动
27. pleasant 某物本身是令人高兴的 sb+be+ pleased+with某人对某事(物)感到高兴
pleasure(名词) Tha's my pleasure = With pleasure = My pleasure
28.高兴,快乐: glad nice pleased happy(幸福) kind和蔼,和气
记住固定搭配:Nice/ Glad to meet/see you ! (be glad at=) be pleased with ... 因...感到高兴
Happy new year! It's very kind of you to say so !
(It's very) nice talking to you .
29. surpring 某物本身是令人惊奇的 surprised 某人对某事(物)感到惊奇
To one's surprise 使某人感到惊讶的是 have a surprise party举行一次惊喜的聚会
30. alone =by oneself 单独(表数量少),光说 lonely孤独(表心情坏)
eg:(1)我们独自在岛上We are _______on this island. =We are (all) by ourselves on this island.
(2)那只小鸟死了,我感到很孤独That bird is dead, I feel very _______.
(3) 光说中国就有13亿人: China _______ has 1. 3 billion people .
⑷黄先生这一次决不是一个人在战斗 :Mr Huang is not fighting _________ this time .
31. such+a/an+(形容词)+名词+that so+形容词+that
so+形容词+a(an)+单+that
so+形容词+a(an)+单+that
so+形容词+复+that
so+形容词+不可+that
eg:(1)学校这么美丽,我们喜欢它:Our school is ___ beautiful that we like it.
=It is _____a beatiful school that we like it.
=It is _____ beatiful a school that we like it.
(2) Koalas如此逗人喜爱以至于我们都喜欢它们 Koalas are _____ cute that we all like them .
= Koalas are _____ cute animals that we all like them .
32.(可以互换) too... to so ... that not+形容词(前面的反义词)+enough to do
太... 而不能 如此 ... 以至 ... 不太(足) ... 以至...
eg:(1)这个盒子太重我般不动 This case is ______ heavy to carry .
= This case is _____ heavy that I can't carry .
= This case is not ______ _______ enough to carry .
(2) Jimmy 年龄太小不能上学 Jimmy is ______ young to go to school .
Jimmy is _______ young that he can't go to school .
Jimmy is not ______ young enough to go to school .
33. in time 及时 on time准时 at times有时 = sometimes
34. sometime 某时(将来) some time 一些时间 sometimes 有时 some times好几次
35. spend take
人spend钱(时间)on sth/(in) doing sth It takes/tok/will take sb st(多少时间) to do sth
有时也可用sb take st (多少时间) to do sth
pay cost buy物+for+ 钱
pay sb 钱, pay钱for sth (物体做主语) sth cost sb 钱
eg: (1)我花十元买这本书 (以下五种说法都可以)eg:①I ____10 yuan on this book .
②I ___ 10 yuan ( in) buying this book. ③It ___ me 10 yuan to buy this book .
④The book ___me 10 yuan . ⑤ I _____ 10 yuan for this book .
⑵我花了太多时间于电脑游戏 (以下三种说法都可以)
eg: ① I ________ too much time ______ the computer games.
②I _____ too much time (in)_______ the computer games.
③ I ______too much time _____ play the computer games.
(3)我们应该被允许花时间做那样的事 We should be allowed to ____time ___ do things like that.
36.leave +地点 forget 不加地点
eg: 我把钥匙忘在屋内: I _____my key in the room .
37.no more = not …any more (与数量有关) no longer = not… any longer (与时间,次数有关)
eg:(1)我不能再吃了: I can't eat ________ .(2) 我不能再等了:I can't wait __________
38. until(常用not…until,可放句首) till(也可与not 连用,不可放句首)
eg:(1)The workers worked ___ the next morning.(2)He didn't go to bed ____he finished his homework.
(3)_______you told me I had no idea of it .
39. sleep(动词) asleep(形容词,不加名词) (be sleeping = be asleep)
常用go to sleep=go to bed 常用 be asleep (熟睡的 ),fall asleep(入睡,睡着)
be in bed 卧床休息,睡(状态)
eg:(1)她10点睡觉:She goes to bed ( goes to sleep) at 10.
(2)这个婴儿正在睡觉,请安静:The baby is ______(sleeping) , please be quiet.
40. asleep表语性形容词 sleeping既是表语性形容词,也是定语性形容词
只放在is ,am ,are 系动词后面 可放在is ,am ,are 系动词后面
后面不能加名词 后面可加名词
sleepy睡意绵绵的,昏昏欲睡的(形容词,可加名词)
eg:(1)这是卧铺车厢 This is ______ car. (asleep car × )
(2) 不要弄醒那个睡着的婴儿 Don't wake up that _____ baby . (asleep baby ×)
(3)我头疼,整个下午我感到昏昏欲睡 I had a headache. I felt ________ all afternoon
41.放在形容词比较级前面的:much ,far, a lot, a little, a bit (在这种情况下,不可用many, some ,
a few ,another …)
大得多_______bigger 小一点点______smaller
42. many more +可数名词复数 ( 不能加形容词) much more+不可数名词
同类型的词还有: some more + (可数名词复数, 不可数名词均可)
a few more+ (可数名词复数) one more
two more
eg:更多的苹果 ______ more apples 更多的水 _____ more water
一些 更多的苹果 ______ more apples = a few more apples
一个更多的苹果 ______more apples = another more
两个更多的苹果______more apples
43. oneself 本人,亲自做 (不能作主语,后不加名词) by oneself 不需别人帮助做
①可做宾语,放动词后表动宾关系 ①放句子最后,做状语,表"不需别人帮助做"
teach oneself = learn ... by oneself do / learn ... by oneself
buy oneself sth = buy ... for oneself
②放介词后,表介宾关系
for oneself about oneself
③放某人物后,表"本人,亲自"
I myself... Bethoven himself...
Tina herslf... the cat itself
④放句子最后,做状语,表"本人,亲自"
eg:(1)他本人演奏这首音乐 :He played the music _______. ( =He ______played the music.)
不是:Himself played the music .×
(2) 我自己的书:my own book (不是myself book , 也不是myself's book)
(3) 我将亲自来参加你的聚会:I will come to your party_______. = I ______will come to your party .
(4) 她自学英语: She teaches ____English (=She learns English _________ .)
44. start in+时间 (月,季,年 …) start on+时间 (星期,日期…)
start from+时间 (世纪…) star with +事情(以 …为开端,开头)
To start with =At first 首先
eg:(1)咱们从第一课开始 Let's start_____ Lesson One .
(2)我们以一首英语歌开始了这节课 We start this lesson ____ an English song .
春天开始于二月份 Spring start ____ February .(不用from)
45. as soon as possible 尽可能早地,尽快 (多指时间短)
as quickly as possible尽早(快)地(多指速度快)
eg:(1) 我想你,请你尽早归来 I miss you very much , please come back__________.
(2)没时间了,请你尽快开车 There is no time , please drive the car ___________ .
46. 特殊的反意疑问句:Let's go to school , shall we? Let us clean the classroom , will you?
Close the window , will you ? Everyone is here , aren't they ?
I am in Class One,aren't I ? I don't think chicken can swim , can they ? (否定转移)
She doesn't think chicken can swim , does she ? (虽然都是否定转移,但不同)
47. in the year+数字 in the year of +属相(动物)
eg:在1997年 ________ 1997 在马年 ________ horse 在狗年_______dog
48. 值得注意的比较级:
(1)由名词变化过来的形容词:sunny→sunnier cloudy→cloudier rainy→rainier...等...
(2)既是形容词有是副词:early→earlier friendly →friendlier
(3)没有规律的: recent→more recent often → more often
(4)除上面特殊情况外,由别的词变化过来的都用 :more (most)
tired → more tired worried →more worried quickly → more quickly
slowly →more slowly
49.Why don't you do = Why not do (动词原形
50. besides (包括所提到的,包括...在内) except(不包括所提到的,除开,不包括...在内)
内含肯定意味,不仅某人物做了...其他也做了 内含否定意味,除开某人物不做...其他都做了
eg:(1)除了湖南;广东,广西都在中国南方.
Guangdong and Guangxi are in the south of China _______ Hunan.
(2)除了湖南;河南,安徽都在中国北方.
Henan and Anhui are in the north of China _______Hunan.
(3)星期五,除了我(没回家),(其他)同学们都回家了
All the students went home _______me.
(4)教室里除了我(包括我在内),还有Tommy , Jimmy.
Tommy and Jimmy are in the claasroom ________me.
51. 梦想dream + come true (不及物动词,不加宾语) 某人+achieve+dream梦想
52.生气 be mad at sb = be very angry with sb
53.交友 be friends with =make friends with
54. all over the world =all around the world =all across the world全世界
55. prefer to do... rather than do=prefer doing to doing 宁可...而不愿;喜欢...而不喜欢
56. It's better (not)to do = You'd better (not)do 最好(不)做...
57. loving lovely alive lively
(老人)慈爱的 (小孩,天气)可爱的,宜人的 活着的(不加名词) 繁华的,生机勃勃的
living 活着的(加名词) ,活生生的
living things 生物
living text books活生生的教材
58.English -speaking countries 说英语的国家 spoken english 英语口语
59.感叹句: (可以互换)
What + a/an +形+ 单 + 主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
What + 形 + 复 + 主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
What + 形 +不可+主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
How + 形 + 主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
eg:(1)她是一个多么努力的同学啊!________hard-working she is !
=_______a hard-working student she is !
(2)面包多么好吃啊!________delicious the bread is !
=________delicious bread it is !
60. 不定代词something (anything,nothing) somebody (anybody,nobody)+形容词
61.现在完成时have(has)+动ed 现在完成进行时have(has)+ been doing
长时间动作,短时间 动作 长时间动作
对现在的影响 过去的事持续到现在
过去的事持续到现在
(都表示长时间持续动作时,两者同)
eg:(1)妈妈,我已经做完作业了: Mom ,I___________ my scoolwork .
(2)我们学习英语有三年了: We ____ ______ English for 3 years.
=We _____ _____ _____ English for 3 years .
62.比较级+and+比较级 (一两个音节的形容词): 越来越 ...
more and more+形容词原形 (三个音节的形容词)
eg: (一两个音节的形容词): 越来越绿 greener and _______越来越早 earlier and _______
(三个音节的形容词):越来越漂亮 ______________ beautiful 越来越好吃_____________delicious
63.The +比较级 +句子(主谓宾)... , the+比较级 +句子(主谓宾)... 越...越 ...
eg:⑴我们越努力,我们的成绩就会越好 The _____ we study, the ______grades we will get .
⑵我们走得越快越早到家 The ________ we walk, the ________we will get home .
(3) 阳光越多,西瓜越甜 The ________the sunshine is , the _______ waltermelons will be .
⑷ 祖国越强大,中国人民越幸福 The ________our homeland is , the _______ Chinese people will be .
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