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九年级英语总复习 近义词区别及练习 ( II )  

2007-07-21 00:57:50|  分类: 英语教学 |  标签: |举报 |字号 订阅

  下载LOFTER 我的照片书  |
   Book Two
1.big                                         large                             great                 huge                           old      
大的(物体)                 巨大,宽宏大量                 伟大               庞大(指体积)            年龄大
形容人时,指个子大
eg:(1)这个盒子大:This box is                 .(2)中国人口众多:There is a              population in China.
(3)中国是个伟大的国家:China is a               country.(4)我比他年龄大:I am            than he.
注意:大风 strong wind            大雨 heavy rain         大浪 high wave, huge wave
大雪 heavy snow, (The snow is thick .)
2.little                                     young                        small                                            tiny
小得可爱(指动物小孩)   年龄小               物体小;形容人时,指个子小     微小,小得可爱
eg:(1)这只小狗:This             dog.(2)这个盒子小:This box is                 .
(3)她年纪小,不能照顾自己:She is            , she can't look after herself.
3.other                      another                                    the other               
加复数                 多个中另一个                常用one…the other…   (一个…另一个…)          
  others (=other +名词)                            the others (=the other+名词)
some …others… (一些  … 另外一些…)     some …the others… (一些…另外所有 … )
any other +单数=other+复数=others  
 eg:(1)These apples  are not enough, please give me ______ .(也可说:another one , another apple)
(2)我们应该帮助别人:We should help ______.(也可说:We should help_____ people .)
(3)There are two girls . _____is Lucy, ________ is  Lucy   .  
(4)There are a lot of people ,______ are singing,_____are dancing.
(5)Tommy is taller than ____________student in his class.
=Tommy is taller than ____________students in his class.
=Tommy is taller than ____________ in his class.
  4. a second                                                                                                    the second
无论是a second (third , fouth… )都译成:再一个                                  第二
eg: (1)第二个苹果是最好吃的  ____ second apple is the most delicious .
(2)(已知吃了一个),你还想再来一个吗?Would you like ____second one?
=  Would you like another one?
(3)第三个苹果是最好吃的   ____ third apple is the most delicious .
(4)(已知吃了两个),你还想再来一个吗?Would you like ____third one?
5.what time           when              while                                how   long         how ofen        how soon
   几点                什么时候         正当,一边…一边…            多久                多久一次        多快(将来)
eg:(1)_______ do you get up every evening?   (2)______were you born?                                      
(3)He is reading _____he is walking.(4)______have you lived in China?                                    
(5)______do you play baseball every week?   (6)___ will you come back?
6.also          too                                          either                         as well(同时,也,并且)                            
放句中     放句末,前有逗号         否定,放句末,前有逗号        放句末,前无逗号
                me,too(我也如此)
eg:(1)He is _____14. (2)He is 14,____ . (3)Nice to meet you,_____ .
(4) She is not in Grade 1, I'm not in Grade1,______.                                                            
(5)他把书给了我,然后把钢笔也给了我:He gave me the book,and he gave me the pen ____.
 (同样可说:   He gave me the book,and he gave me the pen,______ .)
7.always 总是  (反义词:从不never)                  all the time始终(反义词:中断暂停,不坚持)
放句中                                                                         放句末
eg: (1)My father ____ goes to work early.(2)He is working in the factory __________.
8. be good for  +sth(某事物)         be good to+sb(某人)         be good at +(doing) sth
  对某物有好处                                      对某人有好处                               = do well in某人善于…
                                                             be good to do做...有好处                                                             
be good for sb to do sth (做…对于某人是好的)  be good with =be kind((nice) to 对待某人好
feel good about oneself 某人(自尊)自我感觉好    feel good about ((doing) sth  做...感觉好
eg:(1)牛奶对于健康有好处:Milk is good ____ your health.
(2)牛奶对于你有好处:Milk is good ____ you .
(3)喝牛奶对于你有好处:It's good ____ you ____drink milk .
(4)班主任对同学们好:Headteacher is good _______the students.
(5) 帮助别人我感到很好 I feel good____   ______ others .
(6)妈妈帮助Jimmy找回自尊  Mom hept Jimmy feel good ______  _________.
9.ago                                          before
用于过去时                           用于完成时
放在一段时间的后面           放在几点钟前
                                               放在一段时间的后面
                                               后接句子
                                             than  before 比起以前
eg:(1)十分钟前我在家里:I was at home  ten minutes _______ .
(2)我们达到车站火车已在10分钟前开走了:When we got to the station,the train had left 10 minutes________.
(3)我以前从未到过北京:I have never been to   Beijing ________ . 
(4)请在8点前参加聚会: Please come to the party ____8:00 .
10.too much                    much too                   too many                    many too                        
太多…(不可数)      太…(加形容词)    太多…(可数)          错误用法
(1) There is _____water .  (2) The box is _____ heavy .(3)There are _____books.                      
11.be(is , am , are) going to =be doing                   will                      shall   第一人称,法律文件中
有计划(时间地点较为明确)     某人主观想法,意愿,认为        Shall we…?表示(…好吗?)
 eg:(1)我们将在星期六野餐:We ________ have a picnic on Friday.
=We ________ having a picnic on Friday (2)他相信他会成功:He believes he ___ succeed .
(3)我们去公园好吗?            we go to the park?
(4)甲方须事先通知乙方: Party A _____inform Party B in advance .   
12. below 低于                                                                                     under   在…正下方
 (不一定指物体,常指温度,海平面,文章  ;反义:above)                                  
eg:(1)降为零度以下:fall ____zero . (2)树下有辆汽车:There is a car ___the tree .
注意:在…帮助下用with :在人造卫星的帮助下:            the help of satellites .
在山脚,墙脚,书页底端  at the foot of ( the hill , the wall, the page)
(3)死海海拔-392米:The Dead Sea is 392 ________ sea level .
(4) 下面所给的资料 the information _______  (5) 唇在鼻下方Your mouth is under your nose
13.on                                                          over                                             above
在…(表面)上(有接触)              笼罩,越过                 在… 以上  , 表面不接触
                                                                                       (不一定指物体,常指温度,海平面,文章,…)
eg:(1)桌上有本书:There is   a book __ the desk. (2)零度以上:stay  ___ zero  
(3)河上有条船:There is a boat____the river .(4)河上有座桥  :There is a bridge_____the river .
(5)多年来,几年来 _____ the years(6)眼睛上有眼镜:There is  a pair of glasses          the eyes.
(7) 眼在鼻上方Your eyes is  ______ your nose (8) 上面所说的文章 the  article _________
(9)我把右手高举过头  :I raise my right hand ____my head.
(10)飞机在云层上飞:The plane flew ___the clouds.
(11)珠穆朗玛海拔8844. 43米:Qomolangma  is 8844. 43m ______sea level.
14.quick(形容词,副词 )                                   quickly    (副词)
    比较级er,最高级est                         比较级more,最高级most 
放动词后                                                   放动词前后均可
eg: (1) We should go there ____. (2)We should_____go there.
15.maybe 也许,大概(放句首,=perhaps)          may  be 可能是(放句中)
eg:(1)  _________he is at home .(2)He  _________ at home .
16. afraid  害怕的程度一般          frightened某人感到恐惧,受惊吓       terrified    某人感到极恐惧
be afaid to do=be afraid of (doing) sth
也常用于I'm afraid( 表不太确定)
17. What's today ? (今天是什么日子?)    It's  星期 +日期          What day it it today?     It's  星期 
What's the date today ?   It's 月+日                                           
18.must 必须(主观想法)                     have to 不得不(客观条件决定,显得不太耐烦)
否定mustn't   (千万别,一定不要)                       否定don't have to                                            
提问:Must……?                                                     提问:Do…  have to…?
Yes, you must. / No, you needn't .                              Yes ,I do.  /   No, I donn't . 
eg:(1)我们必须保持教室干净:We_____keep the classrom clean.                                                    
(2)天气不好,我们不得不下星期去公园:The weather is not fine,we_____go to the park next week. 
(3)我们必须去那儿吗?             we go there?        
是的,你们必须:Yes,you ______.     不,你们不必:No,you_______.(不是mustn't)
(4)你们不得不完成家庭作业吗?:          you ____ finish your homework?                               
19. may                               must                      can               could(更客气)                                
记熟几句话:(1)____ I come in? Yes, you ___. / No. you ____ (can't).(may not×)                
(2)____ I help you?  (3)_____ you help me,please?
20.may be(=might be,could be)               can't be                      must be   
(不确定猜测 )可能是                           肯定不是                     肯定是
eg:(1)他可能是在家:He_______at home  .
(2) (灯是亮的),他肯定在家:(The lights are all full on ),he_____at home .
(3)(他去北京了),他肯定不在家:(He has gone to Beijing),he _______at home.
21.all                                                                                              whole
常用all+the+复数 (all of+代词)                               the whole +单数
eg:(1)全体学生都起来得早:____ the students get up early.
(也可说:                        them get up early.)
(2)请把这个故事完全告诉我:Please tell me the ________ story .
同类结构half:            _______ an hour半小时      
全班一半同学没来 ______ the class won't come    
 two hours and a half=two and a half hours两个半小时
I slept half way through it 我半睡半醒(听,看,做)完了...
22.in tne end = at last  最后,终于         at the end of在…末尾
by the end of在…末尾之前(过去完成时)
eg:(1)We got there __________ .  (2)We sit _____________ the classroom.
(3) We ____ learned about 3,000 English words ____ the end of lat semester.
23.arrive                                                                          reach                               get
arrive in+大地方; arrive at+小地方                   直接加地点                    get+to+地点
arrive late for school(class)
=be late for school(class)
=get to school(class) late
24. borrow   (from) 借进,向…借                         lend    (to)借出,把…借给
eg:(1)我能借用你的尺子吗?May I ________your ruler?  May I_______a ruler from you?
(2)请借给我一把尺子 : Please _______ me your ruler.    (Please _____ a ruler to me .)
25. sth + interesting   某物本身是有趣的   sb+be+ interested+in某人对某事(物)感兴趣
                                                                                      =take interest in
eg:(1)这本书有趣:This book is _____. (2)我对这本书感兴趣: I'm _______ in this book.
26. exciting  某物本身是激动人心的         sb+be+  excitied+with某人对某事(物)感到激动
27. pleasant  某物本身是令人高兴的         sb+be+  pleased+with某人对某事(物)感到高兴
pleasure(名词)    Tha's my pleasure = With pleasure = My pleasure
28.高兴,快乐: glad                nice             pleased        happy(幸福)                kind和蔼,和气
记住固定搭配:Nice/ Glad to meet/see you !         (be glad at=) be  pleased with ... 因...感到高兴
Happy new year!       It's very kind of you to say so !
(It's very) nice talking to you .
29. surpring   某物本身是令人惊奇的                surprised  某人对某事(物)感到惊奇
To one's surprise  使某人感到惊讶的是   have a surprise party举行一次惊喜的聚会        
30. alone  =by oneself  单独(表数量少),光说                                      lonely孤独(表心情坏)
eg:(1)我们独自在岛上We are _______on this island. =We are (all) by ourselves on this island.
(2)那只小鸟死了,我感到很孤独That bird is dead, I feel very _______.     
(3) 光说中国就有13亿人: China _______ has 1. 3  billion people .  
⑷黄先生这一次决不是一个人在战斗 :Mr Huang is not fighting _________ this time .                        
31. such+a/an+(形容词)+名词+that                              so+形容词+that
                                                                                           so+形容词+a(an)+单+that
                                                                                            so+形容词+a(an)+单+that
                                                                                            so+形容词+复+that  
                                                                                             so+形容词+不可+that    
eg:(1)学校这么美丽,我们喜欢它:Our school is ___ beautiful that we like it.                        
=It is _____a beatiful school that we like it.
=It is _____ beatiful a school that we like it.
(2) Koalas如此逗人喜爱以至于我们都喜欢它们     Koalas are _____ cute that we all like them .
=  Koalas are  _____ cute  animals that we all like them .
32.(可以互换)   too... to                  so ... that              not+形容词(前面的反义词)+enough to do
太... 而不能              如此 ...   以至 ...                   不太(足) ...  以至...
eg:(1)这个盒子太重我般不动  This case is ______ heavy  to carry .
= This case is _____ heavy that I can't carry .
= This case is not ______  _______ enough  to carry .
(2) Jimmy 年龄太小不能上学   Jimmy is  ______ young to go to school .
Jimmy is _______ young that he can't go to school .
Jimmy is not ______ young enough to go to school .
33. in time   及时         on time准时          at times有时   = sometimes
34. sometime 某时(将来)  some  time 一些时间      sometimes 有时         some   times好几次
35.            spend                                                                                 take                                               
人spend钱(时间)on sth/(in) doing sth    It takes/tok/will take sb st(多少时间) to do sth
                                                                                  有时也可用sb take st (多少时间) to  do sth
               
pay                                                      cost                                              buy物+for+ 钱      
pay sb 钱, pay钱for sth       (物体做主语) sth cost sb 钱 
eg: (1)我花十元买这本书 (以下五种说法都可以)eg:①I ____10 yuan on this book .
②I ___ 10 yuan ( in) buying this book.   ③It ___ me 10 yuan to buy this book .
④The book ___me   10 yuan .         ⑤ I _____    10 yuan for this book .
⑵我花了太多时间于电脑游戏 (以下三种说法都可以)
 eg: ① I ________ too much time ______ the computer games.
②I _____ too much time (in)_______ the computer games.
③ I ______too much time _____ play the computer games.
(3)我们应该被允许花时间做那样的事   We should be allowed to ____time  ___ do things like that.
36.leave +地点                                         forget  不加地点
eg: 我把钥匙忘在屋内: I _____my key in the room .
37.no more = not …any more (与数量有关)     no longer = not… any longer  (与时间,次数有关)
eg:(1)我不能再吃了: I can't eat ________ .(2)   我不能再等了:I can't wait __________
38.    until(常用not…until,可放句首)                         till(也可与not 连用,不可放句首)
eg:(1)The workers worked ___ the next morning.(2)He didn't go to bed ____he finished his homework.
(3)_______you told me I had no idea of it .
39. sleep(动词)                         asleep(形容词,不加名词)    (be  sleeping = be asleep)
常用go to sleep=go to bed         常用 be asleep (熟睡的 ),fall asleep(入睡,睡着)
be in bed 卧床休息,睡(状态)
eg:(1)她10点睡觉:She goes to bed ( goes to sleep) at 10.
(2)这个婴儿正在睡觉,请安静:The baby is ______(sleeping) , please be quiet.
40. asleep表语性形容词                     sleeping既是表语性形容词,也是定语性形容词                 
只放在is ,am ,are 系动词后面                             可放在is ,am ,are 系动词后面
后面不能加名词                                                         后面可加名词
sleepy睡意绵绵的,昏昏欲睡的(形容词,可加名词)
eg:(1)这是卧铺车厢  This is ______ car. (asleep car    × )
(2) 不要弄醒那个睡着的婴儿 Don't wake up that _____ baby . (asleep baby  ×) 
(3)我头疼,整个下午我感到昏昏欲睡  I had a headache. I felt ________ all afternoon                           
41.放在形容词比较级前面的:much ,far, a lot, a little, a bit (在这种情况下,不可用many, some ,
a few ,another …)
大得多_______bigger    小一点点______smaller
42. many more  +可数名词复数  ( 不能加形容词)                much more+不可数名词
 同类型的词还有: some more + (可数名词复数,  不可数名词均可)
  a few more+ (可数名词复数)             one more                       
 two more
 eg:更多的苹果 ______ more apples     更多的水 _____ more water  
一些 更多的苹果 ______ more apples = a few more apples   
一个更多的苹果 ______more apples =   another more
两个更多的苹果______more apples
43. oneself 本人,亲自做 (不能作主语,后不加名词)                  by oneself  不需别人帮助做
①可做宾语,放动词后表动宾关系                         ①放句子最后,做状语,表"不需别人帮助做"
teach oneself    = learn ... by oneself                                      do / learn ... by oneself
buy oneself sth = buy ...  for oneself                                                           
②放介词后,表介宾关系
for oneself       about oneself
③放某人物后,表"本人,亲自"
I myself...          Bethoven himself...
Tina  herslf...      the cat itself
④放句子最后,做状语,表"本人,亲自"
eg:(1)他本人演奏这首音乐 :He played the music _______. ( =He ______played the music.)
不是:Himself  played the music .×
(2) 我自己的书:my own  book  (不是myself book , 也不是myself's  book)
(3) 我将亲自来参加你的聚会:I will come to your party_______. = I ______will come to your party  .
(4) 她自学英语: She teaches ____English (=She learns English _________ .) 
44. start in+时间 (月,季,年 …)   start on+时间 (星期,日期…) 
start from+时间 (世纪…)                   star with +事情(以 …为开端,开头)
                                                                       To start with =At first 首先
eg:(1)咱们从第一课开始   Let's start_____ Lesson One .
(2)我们以一首英语歌开始了这节课  We start  this lesson ____ an English song .
春天开始于二月份 Spring start ____ February .(不用from)
45. as soon as possible  尽可能早地,尽快 (多指时间短)   
 as quickly as possible尽早(快)地(多指速度快)
eg:(1) 我想你,请你尽早归来  I miss you very much , please come back__________.
(2)没时间了,请你尽快开车 There is no time , please drive the car ___________ .
46. 特殊的反意疑问句:Let's go to school , shall we?    Let us clean the classroom , will you?
Close the window , will you ?               Everyone is here , aren't  they ?
I am in Class One,aren't I ?        I don't think chicken can swim , can they ? (否定转移)
She doesn't think chicken can swim , does she ? (虽然都是否定转移,但不同)
47. in the year+数字         in the year of +属相(动物)
eg:在1997年 ________  1997              在马年 ________ horse    在狗年_______dog 
48. 值得注意的比较级:
(1)由名词变化过来的形容词:sunny→sunnier     cloudy→cloudier      rainy→rainier...等...
(2)既是形容词有是副词:early→earlier       friendly →friendlier
(3)没有规律的:     recent→more recent        often → more often
(4)除上面特殊情况外,由别的词变化过来的都用 :more (most)
tired → more  tired           worried →more  worried         quickly  → more  quickly
slowly →more  slowly     
49.Why don't you do  = Why not do (动词原形
50. besides (包括所提到的,包括...在内)           except(不包括所提到的,除开,不包括...在内)
内含肯定意味,不仅某人物做了...其他也做了     内含否定意味,除开某人物不做...其他都做了    
eg:(1)除了湖南;广东,广西都在中国南方.
Guangdong and Guangxi are in the south of China _______ Hunan.
(2)除了湖南;河南,安徽都在中国北方.
Henan and Anhui are in the north  of China _______Hunan.
(3)星期五,除了我(没回家),(其他)同学们都回家了
All the students went home _______me.
(4)教室里除了我(包括我在内),还有Tommy , Jimmy.
Tommy and Jimmy are in the claasroom ________me.
51. 梦想dream + come true (不及物动词,不加宾语)                 某人+achieve+dream梦想
52.生气   be mad at sb  = be  very angry with sb
53.交友  be friends with =make friends with
54. all over the world =all around the world =all across the world全世界
55. prefer to do... rather than do=prefer doing to doing 宁可...而不愿;喜欢...而不喜欢
56. It's better (not)to do = You'd better (not)do   最好(不)做...
57. loving                                 lovely                                          alive                                         lively
(老人)慈爱的       (小孩,天气)可爱的,宜人的      活着的(不加名词)         繁华的,生机勃勃的
living  活着的(加名词) ,活生生的
living things 生物
living text books活生生的教材
58.English -speaking countries 说英语的国家        spoken english 英语口语
59.感叹句:  (可以互换)
What  + a/an +形+     单   + 主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
What      +       形   +       复    + 主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
What      +       形     +不可+主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
How      +          形          +      主+is (am,are,do ,does,did) !
eg:(1)她是一个多么努力的同学啊!________hard-working she is !
=_______a hard-working student she is !
(2)面包多么好吃啊!________delicious the bread is !
=________delicious  bread it is !
60. 不定代词something (anything,nothing)    somebody (anybody,nobody)+形容词
61.现在完成时have(has)+动ed             现在完成进行时have(has)+ been doing
长时间动作,短时间 动作                                                长时间动作
对现在的影响                                                                 过去的事持续到现在
过去的事持续到现在
(都表示长时间持续动作时,两者同)
eg:(1)妈妈,我已经做完作业了: Mom ,I___________ my scoolwork .
(2)我们学习英语有三年了: We ____   ______ English for 3 years.
=We _____     _____      _____ English for 3 years .
62.比较级+and+比较级 (一两个音节的形容词):         越来越   ...
more  and more+形容词原形 (三个音节的形容词)
eg: (一两个音节的形容词): 越来越绿 greener and _______越来越早 earlier and _______
(三个音节的形容词):越来越漂亮 ______________ beautiful  越来越好吃_____________delicious
63.The +比较级 +句子(主谓宾)... , the+比较级 +句子(主谓宾)...               越...越   ...
eg:⑴我们越努力,我们的成绩就会越好  The  _____ we study, the ______grades we will get .
⑵我们走得越快越早到家   The ________ we  walk, the ________we will get home  .
(3) 阳光越多,西瓜越甜    The  ________the sunshine is , the _______ waltermelons will be .
⑷ 祖国越强大,中国人民越幸福  The ________our homeland is , the  _______ Chinese  people will be .
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